ABSTRACT
Reservoir surveillance and production optimization will remain at the forefront of company strategies in the new post-COVID19 environment. We anticipate that companies will focus more on producing assets and go the route of production enhancement rather than exploration. Accordingly, production logging will remain an important surveillance method in evaluating and strategizing production-optimization schemes pertaining to flow-characterization from reservoir-to-wellbore. This work is culmination of operational and technical excellence that enabled the revival of a loaded-up well through simultaneous lifting-and-logging technique. Conventionally, wireline is the preferred mode of conveyance for production-logging;however, well must be continuously flowing throughout acquisition timeframe. Kicking-off the well using nitrogen-lift and then bringing in wireline-unit for production-logging in Well A-4 was not feasible as previous attempts confirmed well to load-up in few hours post-offloading. Therefore, success of this project was heavily dependent on initial planning stage, which accounted for all available data including production-history, well-events, intervention-details, fluid analysis and well load-up behavior. Next, a multi-domain approach was adopted while bringing-out each domain from its silos and strategize collectively to simultaneously kickoff the well with nitrogen and acquire real-time downhole production-logging data through smart-coiled-tubing (CT). This was first implementation of concurrent lifting and logging operation in Pakistan. By deploying the approach mentioned above through smart CT (using optical-telemetry-link inside the CT-string coupled with downhole-assembly), synchronized lifting-and-logging operation was carried-out successfully. Well was observed to swiftly go back to load-up conditions post-kickoff;however, continuous well dynamics monitoring downhole enabled us to log perforated interval across multiple time domains. Well was activated through CT nitrogen-injection but depicted continuous loading tendency, which was captured downhole in form of flow-transients. Real-time job optimization ensured vigilant monitoring and selection of right-time to acquire meaningful zonal-contribution data for evaluation and diagnostic solutions. Finally, operational excellence was complemented through technical data analysis and interpretation, integrating passes data with transients and stationary measurements. Ultimately, acquired data analyzed using an integrated lens involving fluid velocities, downhole density, temperature, and water hold up data. Consequently, enabling us to decipher gas and water-entries on a zonal-basis across perforated sandstone reservoir. Copyright © 2022, Society of Petroleum Engineers.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: This study investigated the impact of conspiracy beliefs on fear of Covid-19 and health protective behavior of university students in Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach: A cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire was conducted at three universities in Punjab (e.g. two public sectors and one private sector) with permission from concerned authorities for data collection. A total of 374 responses were received that were analyzed by applying both descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings: The results indicated the prevalence of conspiracy beliefs and fear of Covid-19 among university students of two public sector universities and one private sector university. Furthermore, the conspiracy beliefs of university students predicted their fear of Covid-19. However, conspiracy beliefs did not predict the health protective behavior of university students. Research limitations/implications: These results had serious implications for public health in Pakistan demonstrating the critical need for health education and promotion as individual preparedness along with system preparedness is essential to combat Covid-19 pandemic and infodemic. These results are useful for policymakers, healthcare professionals, university administration and library staff for making evidence-based decisions toward health education and promotion related to the Covid-19 pandemic. Originality/value: It is hoped that the present study would make an invaluable contribution to existing research on promotional health in general and the role of conspiracy beliefs in putting public health at risk in particular as limited studies have been published so far. © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited.
ABSTRACT
This research investigated the levels of health literacy among Pakistani university students in the Covid-19 pandemic and infodemic. The university students were surveyed using an online questionnaire at two public sector universities and one private sector university in Punjab-Pakistan. The administration of the data collection instrument was completed with permission from concerned authorities. A total of 374 responses received which were imported to SPSS and analyzed by applying descriptive as well as inferential statistics. The results revealed that the health literacy of university students in the Covid-19 pandemic and infodemic was not at an optimal level as these participants expressed difficulty for half of the items of the health literacy scale. A large majority of these students had health literacy from low to moderate levels. Besides, the students’ age, sex, study program, and Covid-19 testing did not appear to predict their health literacy. However, the geographical background of these students predicted their health literacy indicating that urban had students had higher literacy as compared to rural students. The results of this study indicated the need for health education and promotion among the general public in Pakistan especially university students as they serve as a change agent for people around them. The program for health literacy related to Covid-19 would be a great step to respond proactively to the pandemic and infodemic situation. Hoping, these results would be helpful for not only policymakers, healthcare providers, health information professionals especially engaged in health promotion but also for library staff to play their role in the health emergency related to Covid-19. This study would be a worthy contribution to the existing research on health literacy as a limited amount of research appeared from developing countries like Pakistan. © 2021. All Rights Reserved.
ABSTRACT
Health literacy is an essential to respond proactively to pandemic situations like Covid-19. It helps the general public to reduce the spread of infectious diseases, prevent from over-reactions, reduce carelessness, adopt health protective behavior. The purpose of this research was to examine the impact of health literacy on fear of Covid-19, protective behavior, and conspiracy beliefs of university students in Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire was conducted at two public sector universities in Punjab with permission. A total of 271 received responses were analyzed by applying both descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS. The results indicated students’ gender had a relationship with their health protective behavior indicating that female students were more likely to adopt health protective behavior as compared to male students. Besides, the students’ health literacy did not predict their fear of Covid-19 and conspiracy beliefs. However, the health literacy of university students predicted their health protective behavior which meant that the students with better health literacy likely to adopt health protective behavior related to Covid-19 infection. There was a need for promotion of health literacy related to Covid-19 to fight not only the current pandemic situation but also an infodemic associated with it. These results are useful for policymakers, health professionals, university and library administration for promoting health and creating awareness related to Covid-19 pandemic. It would also be helpful in developing useful directions for health literacy programs promoting health education and protective behavior to avoid and management Covid-19 infection. This research would make a worthy addition to existing research on health literacy as limited empirical studies have been conducted so far. © 2021